第六天 阿富汗的哈扎拉人──Day 6 The Hazara people of Afghanistan
For English version, please refer to the latter part of this page
16歲的馬爾齊亞·穆罕馬迪有許多夢想。她的願望清單的首位，是與屢次獲獎的小說家埃利夫·沙法克會面，其次是參觀巴黎的埃菲爾鐵塔，並在意大利餐廳吃披薩。
她的其他一些願望則比較普通，譬如想騎自行車，深夜在公園裡散步等。但在2022年9月30日，這位阿富汗哈扎拉少女的夢想，卻因為喀布爾達什特·巴爾奇社區的卡吉教育中心遭受自殺炸彈襲擊而終止，這是社區一個以哈扎拉人為主的地區。
那時候馬爾齊亞和她的表妹哈賈爾，正在參加全國大學入學考試的模擬測試。兩位女孩都渴望成為建築師。那天失去生命的53個人中，大多數是年輕女性，她們倆也在其中。
這一事件只是無數次針對阿富汗的哈扎拉人的襲擊之一。在該國，遜尼派穆斯林超過半數，在占多數的遜尼派穆斯林群體中，他們是受到歧視的什葉派穆斯林群體。他們也常因為其外貌特征而受到特別關注。
哈扎拉人可以說是阿富汗和世界歷史上最受迫害的人群之一。一個多世紀以來，他們遭受了前所未有的壓迫和歧視。在19世紀末，估計超過一半的哈扎拉人口被屠殺，被販賣為奴隸或被迫逃往其他國家。曾經是阿富汗最大的民族群體，如今的哈扎拉人只占阿富汗4000萬人口的約9%左右。
自從2021年8月喀布爾陷落以來，哈扎拉群體越來越容易受到非法攻擊，以至於許多人不敢離開家去參加宗教活動、上學或尋求醫療服務。在目前政府中幾乎沒有代表的情況下，該群體在政治上幾乎沒有發言權。
政治動蕩的最大衝擊是哈扎拉婦女，她們不僅因為族裔和宗教，還因為她們的性別而受到苦待。傳統上，哈扎拉群體非常強調男女都要接受教育。然而，在政府接管不久後，女孩被禁止參加超過六年級的學校。在造成馬爾齊亞和哈賈爾失去生命的爆炸事件後的幾個月裡，只有男生被允許進入公立和私立大學。
婦女面臨的其他一些挑戰還包括被禁止上班、被迫減薪，以及對自由和行動的限制。
值得一提的是，在他們所經歷的一切中，哈扎拉人表現出了令人難以置信的韌性、決心和毅力。雖然在主流媒體中很少被報道，但許多哈扎拉人都是他們自己領域的開創者，他們克服種種困難，在各自的領域中取得進展和成功。
在得知她們不能繼續上學後，馬爾齊亞和哈賈爾用了自己的方式，開始准備全國大學入學考試，她們知道這是她們繼續學習和實現夢想的通行證。
每周，她們都會在教育中心參加模擬考試，每次都比上一次做得更好。
“我的馬爾齊亞和哈賈爾真是了不起的女孩，與她們同齡的其他人都不同，”女孩們的叔叔扎赫爾·莫達克告訴半島電視台。“我希望更多的人能夠了解到她們的決心。她們本來可以激勵許多人。我相信她們仍然能夠。”
禱告
親愛的上帝，我將阿富汗的哈扎拉婦女交托在你手中，求你恩待她們。《上帝之道》節目的制作團隊在撰寫劇本時，求你賜給他們清晰的思路。願你深愛的哈扎拉人在恐懼、受傷害和不安全感中，能藉著耶穌基督看到突破，得到平安和安慰。
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Day 6 The Hazara people of Afghanistan
At 16 years old, Marzia Mohammadi had many dreams. At the top of her bucket list was to meet the award-winning novelist Elif Shafak, followed by visiting the Eiffel Tower in Paris and eating pizza at an Italian restaurant.
Some of her other wishes were more ordinary, like wanting to ride a bike and walk in the park late at night.
But on Sept. 30, 2022, the Hazara Afghan teenager’s dreams came crashing down in a suicide bombing attack at the Kaaj education center in Kabul’s Dashte-Barchi neighborhood, a predominantly Hazara populated area in Afghanistan.
Marzia, alongside her cousin Hajar, was taking a practice test for a national university entrance exam. Both girls aspired to be architects. They were among the 53, mostly young women, who lost their lives that day.
This incident is just one of countless attacks directed at the Hazara people in Afghanistan, an overwhelmingly Shia Muslim community disfavored by the nation’s Sunni Muslim majority population. They also are often singled out for their physical features.
The Hazaras are arguably one of the most persecuted people groups in the history of Afghanistan and the world. For over a century, they have endured oppression and discrimination like no others. Some estimates suggest that more than half of the Hazara population were massacred, sold as slaves or forced to flee to other countries in the late 19th century. Once the largest Afghan ethnic group, the Hazara people today constitute approximately 9% of Afghanistan’s 40 million population.
Since the fall of Kabul in August 2021, the community has become increasingly vulnerable to unlawful assaults—to the point where many do not feel safe leaving their homes to attend religious services, school or seek medical attention. With barely any representation in the current government, the community does not have much of a political voice.
Bearing the brunt of the political upheaval are Hazara women, who suffer not only for their ethnicity and religion, but also their gender. Traditionally, the Hazara community has placed a strong emphasis on education for both males and females. Shortly after the government takeover, however, girls were barred from attending school past the sixth grade. And just a few months after the deadly bombing that claimed the lives of Marzia and Hajar, only male students
were allowed to enroll in public and private universities.
Some other challenges women face include being banned from their workplaces, being forced to take a pay cut, as well as restrictions on freedoms and movements.
It would be remiss to not highlight the incredible resilience, determination and grit exhibited by the Hazara people amid all they have experienced. Though rarely covered in mainstream media, numerous Hazaras are trailblazers in their own right, having risen above the odds to attain progress and success.
After learning that they could no longer go to school, Marzia and Hajar took matters into their own hands and began preparing for the national university exam, knowing it was their ticket to furthering their education and fulfilling their dreams.
Week after week, they would take the practice test at the education center, each time doing better than the last.
“My Marzia and Hajar were such amazing girls, so different than others their age,” Zaher Modaqeq, the girls’ uncle, told Al Jazeera. “I wish more people could have known their determination. They could have inspired many. I believe they still can.”
PRAYER
Dear God, I lift the Hazara women of Afghanistan to you in prayer. Thank you for the team producing the Word of God programs. Give them clarity as they write the scripts. May Hazaras, deeply loved by you, see a breakthrough from fear, hurt and insecurity to peace and comfort in Jesus.
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