第十天 東南歐的波斯尼亞人──Day 10 The Bosnian people of southeastern Europe
For English version, please refer to the latter part of this page
波斯尼亞人,那些具有波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那國歷史根源的人,是歐洲福音未得之民當中,福音狀況最糟糕的族群之一。過去幾十年本來就很少比例的基督徒人口,正急劇地下降。
波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那人民由三個主要的族裔和宗教群體組成——波斯尼亞克、克羅地亞克和塞爾維亞克,他們都有著相同的南斯拉夫血統。在國內,大多數波斯尼亞克人認為自己是遜尼派穆斯林,克羅地亞克人是羅馬天主教徒,而塞爾維亞克人是塞爾維亞正教徒。族裔和宗教一直緊密地相連。
波斯尼亞人的語言也是一個復雜的因素。《大英百科全書》說,族裔和政治歸屬決定了所說的塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語的變體。然而,在波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那境內,這些塞爾維亞、克羅地亞和波斯尼亞語言的變體,在語言上都是相通的。
《大英百科全書》報道稱,受到東西方文化的影響,波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那擁有豐富的文化遺產,強調好客、自發性和講故事的價值觀。然而,在城市和農村的生活方式之間,存在著相當大的文化差異。
由於地理位置在塞爾維亞和克羅地亞之間,且是多民族國家,據《大英百科全書》稱,該國在歷史上一直容易受到民族主義爭端的影響。波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那,存在著深刻的族裔和宗教分歧,伊斯蘭教徒數量龐大且不斷增長,基礎設施也還受到1992年至1995年內戰的影響,因此可以說是歐洲最艱難的宣教地區之一。在戰爭期間,發生了種族清洗和種族滅絕的事件,民族之間的緊張關系仍然存在。許多人在戰爭中失去了親人,活在痛苦之中。
從我們人的眼光來看,向波斯尼亞人傳遞好消息是困難的,因為成為基督徒被視為改變國籍。放棄自己的族裔背景,等於是叛國的行為。然而,通過廣播和其他形式的媒體,甚至在偏遠的農村地區,福音正傳入波斯尼亞人的耳中。
針對基督徒的迫害是一個嚴峻的現實。在波斯尼亞,信奉耶穌的人面臨著社會的壓力,甚至可能被家人驅逐。此外,在該國幾乎沒有福音派教會,孤獨感加劇了他們所經歷的困境。
波斯尼亞基督徒的少數群體難以獲得教會和聖經的教導,廣播或網上內容的傳遞是他們得到鼓勵和安慰的主要來源。
禱告
親愛的父啊,為著今天活在孤單中、被孤立的波斯尼亞信徒禱告。求你用你愛的關懷環繞著他們,保護他們免遭邪惡苦害。在他們的心中唱一首新歌,向我們的神讚美。
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Day 10 The Bosnian people of southeastern Europe
Bosnians, those with historical roots in the nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are among Europe’s least evangelized peoples. And the past few decades have seen a sharp decline in the already small Christian population.
Three major ethnic and religious groups make up the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina—Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs—all sharing the same South Slavic ancestry. Within the nation itself, most Bosniaks identify as Sunni Muslims, Croats as Roman Catholic, and Serbs as Serbian Orthodox. Ethnicity and religion have always been bound together.
Another complexity is the language of the Bosnians. According to Britannica, ethnic and political affiliation determine the variety of Serbo-Croatian language spoken. However, these varieties of Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian languages are mutually intelligible within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Influenced by both eastern and western cultures, Bosnia and Herzegovina has a rich heritage with strong values placed on hospitality, spontaneity and storytelling, Britannica reports. Yet, there are considerable cultural differences between urban and rural lifestyles.
Because of its geographic position between Serbia and Croatia and its multiethnic population, the country has been susceptible to nationalist disputes throughout history, Britannica says. As a nation with deep ethnic and religious divides, a large and growing Islamic presence, and an infrastructure still crippled by the effects of the 1992 – 1995 civil war, Bosnia and Herzegovina is arguably one of the toughest mission fields in Europe. During the war, instances of ethnic cleansing and genocide took place, and tensions between ethnic groups still exist. Many live with the pain of having lost loved ones in the war.
Bringing the good news to a Bosnian person is difficult from the human point of view as becoming a Christian is seen as changing one’s nationality. And giving up one’s ethnic background is equal to betrayal. However, through radio and other forms of media, Bosnians are hearing the gospel, even in remote rural areas.
Persecution toward Christians is a stark reality. Bosnians who profess faith in Jesus risk social pressure or even being banned from their families. Plus, there are few evangelical churches in the country, so loneliness adds to the difficulties they endure.
The small minority of Bosnian Christians struggle to gain access to churches and biblical teaching, and radio or digital Christian content is their primary source of encouragement and comfort.
PRAYER
I pray for Bosnian believers, dear Father, feeling lonely and isolated today. Surround them with your loving care and protection from the evil one. Put a new song into their hearts, praise to our God.
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